Airbus A340 Pilot Operations Handbook

For use with X-Plane Flight Simulator only.


1. General Information: Airbus A340-300
Lufthansa
Crew        2 Cockpit / 11 Cabin
Seats       228 (8 First / 48 Business / 172 Economy)
Range       10,500km / 5670nm

1.1 Dimensions (m/ft)
Length      63.7 / 208'11"
Wing Span   60.3 / 197'9"		 
Height      16.8 / 55'

1.1. Weights (kg/lbs) 
Empty          130,200 / 287,042
Payload         50,780 / 111,945 (Cargo 23,000 / 50,701 , PAX 27,780 / 61,244)
MZFW           180,000 / 396,831
Fuel           113,200 / 249,563 = 141500liters JetFuel A1
Max.Ramp       275,900 / 608,255
MTOW           275,000 / 606,271
MLW            192,000 / 423,288
 
1.2. Engines
4 * 154kN CFM International CFM56-5C4/P Turbofans, 34,000 lbs. Thrust

1.3. Operating Performance (KIAS/Mach)
Normal Operating Speed (Vno/Mno)  330 / 0.82
Max. Operating Speed (Vmo/Mmo)    330 / 0.86
Never Exceed Speed (Vne/Mne)      365 / 0.93


3. Take off / Climb

3.1 Take-off Check List
Allowable Take-off Weight (MTOW or lower)   Checked
Flaps                                       Set
Trim                                        Set
Autopilot Controls                          Off

3.2 Take-off speeds
                     Config 1+F        Config 2         Config 3
  KG       Lbs.     V1   Vr   V2     V1   Vr   V2     V1   Vr   V2
275,000  606,271   147  156  165    145  152  161    144  151  159
270,000  595,248   145  154  164    143  151  160    142  150  158
265,000  584,225   144  153  163    141  149  158    141  149  157
260,000  573,206   142  152  161    140  148  157    140  148  155
255,000  562,179   141  151  160    139  146  155    139  147  154
250,000  551,156   140  149  158    139  146  154    139  146  153
245,000  540,132   138  148  156    138  145  153    139  144  151
240,000  529,109   137  147  155    137  144  151    137  143  150
235,000  518,086   136  146  156    136  142  149    136  142  149
230,000  507,063   134  143  151    135  141  148    136  141  148
225,000  496,040   133  142  150    134  140  147    135  140  147
220,000  485,017   132  142  149    134  138  145    135  140  146
215,000  473,994   131  140  147    133  137  144    135  140  146
210,000  462,971   130  139  146    132  136  143    134  139  145
205,000  451,948   129  138  145    132  135  142    134  139  145
200,000  440,925   128  138  144    131  134  142    134  138  144

V1 = Go / no-go decision
VR = Rotation
V2 = Safe climb-out

3.3 Rate Of Climb (ROC)
MTOW Initial Rate Of Climb (IROC) = 1000-1200fpm @ V2
* DO NOT Exceed 250kts @ or Below 10,000ft Altitude.*
Altitude (ft msl)    ROC (fpm)       Speed (KIAS or Mach)
below 10,000         max. 2500       250
10,000 - 20,000      1500 - 2000     260 - 330
20,000 - 26,000      1000 - 1500     280 - 330
26,000 - 41,000      500 - 1200      0.78 - 0.80               


4. Cruise
When flying long routes (over 5hrs) with MTOW, climb to FL300 & hold Alt with cruise speed 0.78 - 0.80 Mach , then fly that level for 30-45 min. then climb to FL310 - 320 @500 fpm and so on until you reach FL390 @ 0.80 - 0.82 Mach.
Try not exceed 91% N1 during cruise in order to have available thrust for emergencies & be more efficient with fuel burn. The reason we mentioned the above procedure with X-Plane is to avoid too much nose pitch up attitude which put the aircraft wing @ higher angle of attack causing speed bleed leading to a clean stall if you are not careful. 
The time taken between cruise climb is important because the aircraft will burn fuel (losing weight), your speed will gradually increase @ the same N1 setting , your aircraft pitch up will decrease helping you for the next cruise climb. Rate of climb at these alts should be between 300-500 fpm in order not to lose speed rapidly. The more you climb to FL350 the more the air density is less the better the engine fuel consumption (more range)& the less is thrust.

4.1 Cruise Level
Weight lbs. Mach#  Optimum Alt  Max Alt
550,000     0.80   FL310       FL320-350
525,000     0.80   FL320       FL330-360
500,000     0.80   FL330       FL350-370
475,000     0.80   FL340       FL360-380
450,000     0.80   FL350       FL375-395
425,000     0.80   FL370       FL390-410
400,000     0.80   FL380       FL400-410

Long Range
550,000            FL300       FL350
500,000            FL330       FL370
450,000            FL350       FL390
400,000            FL380       FL400


5. Descent

5.1 During Descent Check
Check Allowable Landing Weight (MLW or lower)
Review your ILS approach & Runway heading

5.2 Rate Of Descent
Altitude (ft msl)    ROD (fpm)       Speed
41,000 - 10,000      2500            0.78 / 290KIAS
below 10,000         800-3000        250     Assigned by ATC 

In normal conditions 250kts idle descent , then slow & configure speed so as to not add power until on Glide Slope.


6. Approch / Landing

6.1. Max Slats/Flaps Extension Speed
Config   S/F/A    Vfe KIAS           
1       20/0/10   240    Intermediate Approach
1+F     20/17/10  215    Take-Off
2       24/22/10  196    Take-Off & Approach
3       24/26/10  186    T/O , Apr & Ldg
Full    24/32/10  180    Landing
S/F/A = Slats/Flaps/Aileron Droop

6.2 Stall & Landing Speeds KIAS
Weight              Stall Speeds     Landing
  kg       lbs.    Clean  Landing   Vref@Full
130,000  286,601    130	     95	
140,000  308,647    135	     96	       125
150,000  330,694    140	     99	       125
160,000  352,740    144	    103	       126
170,000  374,786    148	    106	       130
180,000  396,832    153	    109	       134
190,000  418,879    157	    112	       138
200,000  440,925    162	    115	       141
210,000  462,971    165	    118	       145
220,000  485,017    168	    121	       148
230,000  507,063    173	    123	       151
240,000  529,109    176	    126	       155
250,000  551,156    180	    128	       158
260,000  573,202    183	    131	       161
270,000  595,248    187	    133	       164

6.3 FAR Field Lengths
Take-off  9,150 - 10,500ft         
Landing  6,100 - 6,870ft

6.4 Actual Landing Distance :
Landing Distance in Full Config					
Weight                Dry Rwy        Wet Rwy	
  kg       lbs.	     m      ft       m      ft
130,000  286,601     920  3,019    1,200  3,937
150,000  330,694     950  3,117    1,210  3,970
170,000  374,786   1,030  3,379    1,280  4,200
190,000  418,879   1,180  3,872    1,420  4,659

6.4 Final Landing Check List
Gear                                        Down/Green
Flaps/Slats                                 Set/ 3 or 4
Speed Brakes                                Armed (shift-8)
ILS freq                                    Tuned


7. Operations
We usually output data for N1 on the screen & switch the EICAS (Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System) to fuel management to observe aircraft status on fuel burn & range.
You should carry fuel enough for the flight + 40mins for diversions & emergencies i.e. if your trip is 5hrs long, you load fuel for the required 5hrs flight plus fuel for an extra 40 min. You should know your aircraftÕs average fuel consumption for the type of engines fitted with in order to determine the fuel weight required for the flight. Remember that weight is drag, drag is more fuel burn which costs money (for virtual pilots flying for virtual airlines), so do not carry fuel more than you need. You have a destination to go to & MLW limit. You do not want to arrive to your destination with total weight above MLW!. 
    

Happy X-Flight
Mohammed Gazzawi
Sergio Santagada
May 2000

Daniel Moncanut
September 2004

Reworked by Adel Habib
www.x-planes.de
April 2005



